Mfite impungenge ko amafaranga nzayamara kuri konti itunguka kubera ko igipimo cy’amafaranga yinjira n’asohoka kiri hasi muri iki gihe. Nakora iki?
Mfite impungenge ko amafaranga nzayamara kuri konti itunguka kubera ko igipimo cy’amafaranga yinjira n’asohoka kiri hasi muri iki gihe. Nakora iki?
Baza Banki yawe, SACCO cyangwa Ikigo cy’Imari Iciriritse (MFI) ibyerekeye “inguzanyo yihuse.”. Inguzanyo yihuse ni inguzanyo banki iha abantu ku giti cyabo n’ibigo by’ubucuruzi. Iyi nguzanyo ituma ufite konti akoresha amafaranga arenze ayo afite kuri konti ye itunguka iri muri banki.
Amabanki amwe n’amwe ashyira iyi inguzanyo no kuri konti yo kuzigama y’umukiriya. Impamvu yihariye kuri uru rugero ni uko inyungu ibarwa gusa ku mafaranga ukoresha no ku mubare w’iminsi uyakoresheje, bitandukanye n’inguzanyo kuko yo wishyura inyungu buri kwezi ibarwa hashingiwe ku mubare (ingano) w’inguzanyo.
Twifashishe urugero kugira ngo turusheho gusobanukirwa uko inguzanyo yihuse ikora:
INGUZANYO YIHUSE IKORA ITE?
Dufate ko hari sosiyete yitwa XYZ Ltd. Ifite konti itunguka muri Banki.
- Isosiyete XYZ Ltd. yabikije 1.000.000 Frw kuri konti yayo itunguka iri muri Banki Y ku itariki ya 01/04/2020.
- Iyi sosiyete yakoze isesengura n’imibare y’agateganyo maze isanga izakenera andi mafaranga arenze 1.000.000 Frw mu kwezi kwa Mata kubera ingorane zatewe n’Icyorezo cya COVID-19.
- Kugira ngo yizere ko izabasha gukomeza ibikorwa byayo, Isosiyete XYZ Ltd yasabye Banki yitwa Y inguzanyo yihuse igera ku 1.500.000 Frw, maze Banki iyiha inguzanyo ku ijanisha ry’inyungu rya 12 % ku mwaka ikazishyurwa mu mwaka umwe.
- Tariki ya 15 Mata 2020, Isosiyete XYZ Ltd igomba kuzishyura uwo ibereyemo umwenda amafaranga 1.300.000 Kubera ko nta yandi mafaranga ifite, irakoresha inguzanyo yihuse ihawe na banki kugira ngo ibashe kwishyura.
Dore uko uburyo bwo kwishyura bukorwa hagati ya banki n’umukiriya wayo:
- Mu 1.300.000 Frw hazavanwamo ( – ) 1.000.000 Frw kuko ari wo mubare w’amafaranga Isosiyete XYZ Ltd ifite naho 300.000 Frw akoreshwe avuye ku nguzanyo yihuse abe ari umutungo wa Banki Y.
- Inyungu zizabarwa gusa ku mafaranga ya Banki Y, ariyo 300,000 Frw , ku mubare w’iminsi inguzanyo yihuse izamara.
- Tuvuge ko, niba XYZ Ltd yishyuwe n’umukiriya ku wa 30 Mata none akaba hari amafaranga afite, azashyira kuri konti ye iri muri Banki Y, umubare w’amafaranga ungana na 300. 000 Frw.
- Inyungu zibarwa gusa ku minsi 15 ku mafaranga 300.000 maze isosiyete XYZ Ltd ikabasha gukoresha iyi nguzanyo yihuse mu gihe cy’umwaka ndetse igasaba banki kongera kuyiha indi nguzanyo niramuka ikomeje kwizerwa mu bikorwa byayo na Banki.
Ni gute nshobora kubona inguzanyo yihuse? Egera Banki, SACCO cyangwa Ikigo cy’Imari Iciriritse (MFI) mukorana umenye serivisi wemerewe n’uko konti yawe ihagaze. Hanyuma, ushobora gusaba umubare w’inguzanyo yihuse ukeneye, kandi wemerewe guhabwa.
I am afraid that I will overdraw from my current account since my cash flow is low right now. What can I do?
Ask your Bank, SACCO or MFI about an “overdraft facility.” An overdraft facility is a line of credit provided by banks to individuals and businesses. This facility allows an account holder to use more funds than are effectively available in their current account with the bank.
Some banks grant this facility to the customer’s savings account as well. The unique factor here is that interest is charged only for the money you use and for the number of days you use it, unlike a loan, where you pay interest every month on the loan amount.
Let us understand the working of an overdraft facility with an example:
HOW DOES AN OVERDRAFT FACILITY WORK?
Suppose XYZ Ltd. has a current account with Y Bank.
- XYZ Ltd. deposits Rwf 1,000,000 in its current account at Y Bank on 1st April 2020.
- The company has done some analysis and forecasts and found that it will need extra cash over and above Rwf 1,000,000 in the month of April due to COVID-19 impact.
- To make sure it can stay afloat, XYZ Ltd. applies to Y Bank for an overdraft facility up to RWF 1,500,000, which is granted by the bank at 12% rate of interest per annum for one year.
- On 15 April 2020, XYZ Ltd. is due to pay RWF 1,300,000 to a creditor. As it does not have extra cash available, it utilizes the bank overdraft facility and makes the payment.
Here is how the repayment process works between the bank and the client:
- Out of RWF 1,300,000 – RWF 1,000,000 is XYZ Ltd.’s own money & RWF 300.000 is used from overdraft facility and belongs to Y Bank.
- The interest will be charged on Y Bank’s money, the RWF 300,000, only for the number of days it is overdrawn.
- Say, if XYZ Ltd. receives a payment from a client on the 30th April and now has some cash, they will deposit the RWF 300, 000 in their Y Bank account.
- The interest is only charged for 15 days on RWF 300,000 and XYZ Ltd. can use this facility for one year and request the bank to renew if it continues to make credible transactions.
How can I access an overdraft facility? Talk with your Bank, SACCO or MFI to find out what is available for you and your accounts. You can then apply for the amount of overdraft that you need, and for which you qualify.
Mfite ubushobozi bwo kwishyura umwenda, ariko nkeneye andi mafaranga kugira ngo ubucuruzi nkora bukomeze kugenda neza muri iki gihe cy’Icyorezo cya COVID-19. Ese hari ubwoko bw’inguzanyo yamfasha kubigeraho?
Mfite ubushobozi bwo kwishyura umwenda, ariko nkeneye andi mafaranga kugira ngo ubucuruzi nkora bukomeze kugenda neza muri iki gihe cy’Icyorezo cya COVID-19. Ese hari ubwoko bw’inguzanyo yamfasha kubigeraho?
“Kwemererwa inguzanyo” cyangwa “Guhabwa inguzanyo” ni inguzanyo uba usanzwe wemerewe iherekejwe n’igipimo cyihariye ntarengwa kigenwa hashingiwe ku cyizere banki ifitiye umukiriya. Uko icyizere umukiriya agirirwa kirushaho kuzamuka, ni nako arushaho kwemererwa inguzanyo.
Kwemererwa inguzanyo bituma abagurizwa babona inguzanyo batabanje kongera kubisaba buri gihe bazikeneye, igiteranyo cy’umubare w’inguzanyo basabye banki gipfa kutarenga igipimo kigenwe cy’inguzanyo bemerewe. Bituma ikigo cy’ubucuruzi gikomeza kubona amafaranga no mu bihe bikomeye, nk’ibyo duhanganye na byo muri iki gihe.
Urugero: niba wemerewe inguzanyo ya miriyoni eshanu ( 5.000.000 Frw), uzaba wemerewe kubikuza kugeza kuri miriyoni 5 kuri iyo nguzanyo niba uyemerewe.
Inguzanyo wemerewe, nk’uko bigenda ku nguzanyo dusanzwe tuzi, igira umubare w’amafaranga yishyurwa buri kwezi ndetse n’ijanisha ry’inyungu zayo. Bizirikane rero, nufata icyemezo cyo gusaba iyo nguzanyo. Hari inguzanyo zemererwa ibigo by’ubucuruzi n’izemererwa abantu ku giti cyabo.
Ni gute nakwemererwa inguzanyo cyangwa ngahabwa inguzanyo? Egera Banki, SACCO cyangwa Ikigo cy’Imari Iciriritse (MFI) bakubwire ubwoko bw’inguzanyo batanga. Niba muri iki gihe utari umukiriya, ushobora kugana ikigo cy’imari icyo aricyo cyose kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri serivisi gitanga.
Ibigo byinshi bizagusaba kwandika ibaruwa isaba iherekejwe n’inyandiko za ngombwa nk’ishusho y’ibaruramari, imibare y’agateganyo y’amafaranga yinjira n’asohoka n’icyemezo cy’iyandikwa ry’ikigo cy’ubucuruzi, ugomba rero kubanza gushyira inyandiko zose za ngombwa ku murongo.
I have a good (positive) credit rating, but I need more money to be able to keep my business afloat during the COVID-19 pandemic. Is there any type of loan that would help with this?
A “line of credit” or “cash credit line” is a pre-approved loan with a specific borrowing limit based on the creditworthiness of the client. The better your credit, the more you may be able to borrow.
A line of credit allows borrowers to obtain credit without re-applying each time they need a loan as long as the total of borrowed funds does not exceed the credit limit. It helps a business stay liquid during a difficult time, like that we are experiencing now.
For example, if you are allowed a line of credit of Rwf 5 million you will be able to withdraw up to Rwf 5million from that line if you are .
A line of credit, like a traditional loan, will come with monthly payments and an interest rate, so keep that in mind if you decide to apply for one. There are lines of credit available for both businesses and individuals.
How do I get a line of credit or a cash credit line? Talk with your Bank, SACCO or MFI to find out more about the products they offer. If you are not currently a client, you can reach out to any institution to learn more about what they offer.
Most will require you to submit an application along with important documents like financial statements, cash flow projects and your trade license, so make sure you have your papers in order.
Niba maze igihe narananiwe kwishyura inguzanyo natse, nko muri iki gihe igihugu gihanganye n’icyorezo cya COVID-19, Ni iki nakora?
Niba maze igihe narananiwe kwishyura inguzanyo natse, nko muri iki gihe igihugu gihanganye n’icyorezo cya COVID-19, Ni iki nakora?
Niba umaze igihe waraniwe kwishyura inguzanyo, hari uburyo bwashyizweho bwitwa “Ugusubika igihe cy’ubwishyu bw’inyungu ku nguzanyo” cyangwa “Gusubikirwa kwishyura inguzanyo” bugamije gufasha ababereyemo umwenda za banki. Igihe cyo gusubikirwa ubwishyu bw’inyungu ni igihe kivanwa mu gihe kirekire inguzanyo yishyurwamo aho uwagurijwe aba adategetswe kwishyura. Ni igihe uwagurijwe aba ategereje mbere yo gutangira kwishyura umubare wagenwe buri kwezi.
Ni gute nasubikirwa igihe cy’ubwishyu bw’inyungu ku nguzanyo mu gihe mbyifuza? Icya mbere ni ukuvugana na Banki, SACCO cyangwa Ikigo cy’Imari Iciriritse (MFI) kandi umukozi ushinzwe inguzanyo mu kigo ubereye umukiriya azabigufashamo. Egera umukozi ushinzwe inguzanyo akugezeho uburyo buhari wahitamo kugira ngo usubikirwe igihe cy’ubwishyu n’inzira ugomba gukurikiza niba uri mu bihe bituma utabasha kwishyura inguzanyo watse.
Ushobora kumvikana na banki mukorana niba uhitamo kuba usubikiwe igihe cy’ubwishyu bw’inguzanyo y’ibanze, inyungu ku nguzanyo, cyangwa se byombi. Bisobanuye ko ushobora kwemeranya na banki kuba wishyura inyungu ku nguzanyo gusa cyangwa ukaba wishyura inguzanyo, muri icyo gihe usubikiwe igihe cy’ubwishyu, cyangwa kutagira na kimwe wishyura kugeza igihe mwumvikanyeho kirangiye. Kubera Icyorezo COVID-19 n’ingaruka cyagize ku bigo by’ubucuruzi, amabanki menshi mu Rwanda arimo gufasha abakiriya bayo abasubikira igihe cy’ubwishyu bw’inyungu ku nguzanyo mu gihe cy’amezi 3 kugeza kuri 6.
Mwibuke ko inyungu zikomeza kubarwa no mu gihe umara usubikiwe igihe cy’ubwishyuku nyungu kandi ko uwagurijwe agomba kuzazishyura, keretse banki yemeye kuzimuvaniraho.
If I am completely unable to repay my loan for a period of time – like the current COVID-19 pandemic – what can I do?
If you are unable to repay a loan for a period of time, there is a process called a “moratorium period” or “loan repayment holiday” that is designed to help. A moratorium period is a period of time during a loan term when the borrower is not obligated to make a payment. It is a waiting period before the borrower starts making fixed monthly payments.
How can I access a moratorium if I need to do so? First, communication with your Bank, SACCO or MFI and your loan officer is very important. Talk with your loan officer about the options available for a moratorium and the process you need to follow if you are in a situation where you cannot repay your loans.
You can agree together with your bankers as to whether you will take a principal holiday, an interest holiday or both. This means, for example, that you can agree to pay only the interest or only principal during your moratorium period, or not pay anything at all till the agreed time. Due to the COVID-19 and its impact on businesses, many banks in Rwanda are offering loan moratoriums of 3 to 6 months.
Kindly note that interest accrues during the moratorium period and the borrower must pay it, unless your bank agrees to waive it.
Niba ubucuruzi nkora bubangamiwe n’ibibazo bigaragarira mu gipimo cy’amafaranga yinjira n’asohoka no kuba imari ihagaze nabi bikabije nkaba ntabasha kwishyura inguzanyo, nakora iki?
Niba ubucuruzi nkora bubangamiwe n’ibibazo bigaragarira mu gipimo cy’amafaranga yinjira n’asohoka no kuba imari ihagaze nabi bikabije nkaba ntabasha kwishyura inguzanyo, nakora iki?
Hari uburyo bukoreshwa twita “kuvugurura inguzanyo” cyangwa “kuvugurura umwenda,” bugamije gufasha ikigo kiri mu kaga kugabanya inguzanyo itishyurwa no kongera kumvikana ku buryo bwo kwishyura umwenda ukomoka ku nguzanyo imaze igihe itishyurwa no kubasha kongera amafaranga abitse ku buryo ikigo cy’ibucuruzi gishobora gukomeza ibikorwa byacyo.
Ubifashijwemo n’Umukozi ushinzwe Inguzanyo, mushobora kumvikana ku bwoko butandukanye bw’ibisubizo bifasha koroshya cyangwa kugabanyirizwa umuzigo wo kwishyura inguzanyo wahawe ku buryo ikigo cyawe gikomeza kugira imari ihagaze beza nticyongere guhungabana. Dore uburyo bukurikira bwo kubonera ikibazo umuti:
- Guhindura umubare w’amafaranga wishyura buri kwezi. Guhindura uburyo bwo kwishyura inguzanyo bituma haba igabanuka ry’umubare w’inguzanyo usanzwe wishyura buri kwezi ku buryo uhwana n’amafaranga winjiza n’ayo usohora muri iki gihe. Ubu buryo bushobora kubamo igabanuka ry’umwenda ufite muri iki gihe, cyangwa hagatoranywa uburyo bukurikira.
- Kongera igihe amasezerano y’inguzanyo amara. Ushobora kandi kongera amasezerano y’inguzanyo watse ku buryo umubare wishyura buri wezi usaranganywa mu gihe cyumvikanyweho hakurikijwe igihe gishya cyangwa kirekire uzishyuramo inguzanyo wahawe. Bisobanuye ko uzishyura inguzanyo yawe mu gihe kirekire, ariko ukazashya wishyura make kugira ngo bigufashe kwimenyereza kubaho mu buzima kandi amafaranga winjizaga yagabanutse. Bigomba kumvikana ko amwe mu mabanki ashobora kugira amafaranga make akwishyuza kubera iyi serivisi uhawe yo kukorohereza.
Navugurura nte inguzanyo yanjye? Kugira ngo ubashe kuvugurura umwenda ukomoka ku nguzanyo watse, mbere na mbere ugomba kubiganiraho n’umukozi ushinzwe inguzanyo kugira ngo umusobanurire neza uko ikibazo cyawe giteye maze mushyireho gahunda y’uburyo uzishyura. Bizagusaba kwandikira Banki yawe, Ikigo cy’Imari Iciriritse (MFI) cyangwa SACCO ubishyikiriza ibaruwa usaba kuvugurura inguzanyo, iherekejwe n’inyandiko zigaragaza umwirondoro wawe n’inyandiko ufite zerekana uko ishusho y’imari yawe ihagaze.
If my business is facing cash flow problems and financial distress and I am having trouble repaying my loan, what can I do?
There is a process called “loan restructuring” or “debt restructuring,” which is designed to help a business in distress to reduce and renegotiate delinquent loan debt and to restore liquidity so that the business can continue its operations.
With your Loan Officer, you may agree to different kinds of solutions to alleviate or easy your credit repayment burden and stabilize the financial situation by:
- Changing the amount you repay each month. By changing the method of loan repayment involves a reduction of your current monthly loan installment so that it matches your current cash flow. This may include reduction of current debt, or may include the below.
- Extending the term of your loan agreement. You can also extend your loan agreement so that your monthly payments are redistributed in proportion to a new and longer term of lending. This means that you will repay your loan over a longer period of time, but your payments will be smaller to help you deal with lower revenues. It should be noted some banks may charge a small fee for this facility.
How can I restructure my loan? To restructure your loan debt, first, you should speak with your loan officer to clarify your situation and create a plan. You will then need to write to your Bank, MFI or SACCO and submit an application for the restructuring together with the documents that prove your identity and available documents representing your financial situation.
Through loan restructuring you will be able to maintain a positive credit history and stay in good standing with your financial service provider.