Uburyo bwo gucunga amafaranga yawe y’igicuruzo
Gucunga neza amafaranga y’igicuruzo ni ikintu cy’ingenzi kigomba gukoranwa ubuhanga na buri kigo cy’ubucuruzi gito cyose kandi ni ingenzi kuri buri kigo cy’ubucuruzi gito guhorana igicuruzo cyiza kugira ngo kibashe gutera imbere. Igicuruzo kiba cyiza iyo amafaranga akomoka mu byacurujwe n’ibindi byose byinjiza amafaranga bitanga amafaranga aruta asohoka mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi nk’amafaranga agenda ku ikode, imishahara y’abakozi, n’andi mafaranga yose asohoka. Ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ubucuruzi bubashe kunguka no kugira ngo bigufashe guhangana n’ibihe bitateganyijwe. Igicuruzo kiba kibi igihe amafaranga asohoka mu bucuruzi bwawe asumba abwinjiramo; ibyo bikaba ari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko ikigo kiri mu ngorane. Iyo amafaranga y’igicuruzo adakwiye, ubucuruzi bwawe bushobora kugenda nabi; ibyo bikaba byatuma ugabanya ikigero ubucuruzi bwari bugezeho ndetse ukaba wanabuhagarika.
Ingamba zo kuguma mu rugo zo gukumira ikwirakwira rya COVID-19 zatumye byinshi mu bigo by’ubucuruzi mu Rwanda bigira igicuruzo kibi umwaka ushize. Hejuru ya ba rwiyemezamirimo 57% ntibakoraga kugeza kuwa [ andika itariki] nk’uko bivugwa na [ andika aho wavanye aya makuru] naho ba rwiyemezamirimo 42.5% barakoraga. Ba rwiyemezamirimo 35.8% baracyagurisha ariko bakaba bafite igicuruzo kibi.
Ku bw’amahirwe, haracyari ingamba nyinshi ikigo cy’ubucuruzi cyawe gishobora gufata kugira ngo kibashe guhangana n’ibibazo bikomeye bijyanye n’ingano y’amafaranga y’igicuruzo. Zimwe muri izo ngamba ni izi zikurikira:
Kora inyemezabuguzi uko bikwiye.
Gukora inyemezabuguzi ni kimwe mu bice by’ingenzi bigize ihurizo rijyanye n’micungire y’amafaranga y’igicuruzo. Ihutishe ibikorwa bijyanye n’amafaranga yinjira utanga inyemezabuguzi vuba ku buryo wabasha kwishyurwa n’abakiriya bawe mu buryo bwihuse kurushaho. Tekereza gukoresha uburyo bwo gukora inyemezabuguzi bwikoresha nk’imashini zabugenewe ku buryo wabasha kunoza umubare w’inshuro uzenguruka ukanagabanya igihe wohererezamo inyemezabuguzi.
Huza ibitabo by’ibaruramari byawe n’igihe.
Huza ibitabo by’ibaruramari byawe n’igihe uko bishoboka kose. Ibi bishobora kugufasha kugira igitekerezo cyumvikana ku bijyanye n’uko ubucuruzi bwawe buhagaze mu rwego rw’ubukungu; ibyo bikaba byaguha umusinge uhamye washingiraho uteganya uko amafaranga y’igicuruzo uzagira azaba angana mu bihe biri imbere, bikanagufasha gufata ibyemezo by’ingenzi, no kugena ibizajya bikorwa mu bihe byiza no bihe bibi.
Zigama amafaranga ushobora kwifashisha mu bihe bikomeye.
Kuzigama amafaranga ni ingenzi kandi ibi bishobora gukorwa iyo umuntu atangiye kunguka. Ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bigira igihe bigenda neza n’igihe bigenda nabi- kugira amafaranga ahagije yo kongera mu yo umuntu akoresha bishobora kuba ikintu cy’ingenzi kugira ngo ubucuruzi bukomeze gukora mu bihe bibi.
Shaka amafaranga ugurisha imitungo yarengeje igihe cyangwa ibicuruzwa by’umurengera biri mu bubiko.
Rimwe na rimwe ibigo by’ubucuruzi bigira ibikoresho bidakoresha, imitungo yarengeje igihe, cyangwa ibicuruzwa by’umurengera mu bubiko bwabyo; ibyo byose bishobora gukoreshwa neza bikinjiza amafaranga. Ibikoresho n’ibicuruzwa biri mu bubiko bishobora gutakaza agaciro igihe hakozwe ibikoresho bishya cyangwa bitewe n’ihinduka ry’ibyo abaguzi bifuza. Hirengagijwe ko ushobora kubigurisha munsi y’igiciro fatizo cyabyo, kugurusha ibikoresho bitazakoreshwa bishobora gutuma ingano y’amafaranga y’igicuruzo yiyongera.
Tekereza uburyo washyira mu bikorwa izi ngamba mu rwego rwo kunoza imicungire y’amafaranga ikigo cy’ubucuruzi cyawe gicuruza.
Tips for Managing your Cash Flow
Good cash flow management is a critical skill for every small business owner, and it is important for cash flow to remain positive for your business to thrive. Positive cash flow occurs when the money entering your business from sales and accounts receivable is higher than the amount of the cash leaving your businesses through expenses like rent, employee salaries, and other costs. It is essential not only for your bottom line but can also help ensure your business can manage unforeseen circumstances. Negative cash flow happens when the cash you are spending from your business is higher than the cash coming into the business, which can indicate trouble for the company. Without adequate cash flow, your business may underperform, leading to the need to downsize or perhaps even close up shop.
COVID-19 related lockdowns have meant that many businesses in Rwanda have experienced negative cash flows over the past year. Over 57% of entrepreneurs are not operating as of April 2020, according to Business Professionals Network and while 42. 5% of entrepreneurs are still operating, only 35.8% are actively selling, which surely means they are experiencing negative cash flow.
Luckily, there are several steps your business can take to fix the harmful cash flow problems. These include:
Get invoicing right.
Invoicing is one of the essential pieces of the puzzle regarding cash flow management. Speed up your cash inflows by delivering your invoices quickly so that you receive faster payment from your clients. Consider investing in automated invoicing such as point of sale machines so that you can improve your turnaround times and minimize delays in sending invoices.
Keep your financial records up to date.
Update your financial records as often as possible. This can help you gain a clear insight into your business’s financial health, which will give you a more precise foundation from which you can forecast your future cash flow, make important decisions, and plan for high and low seasons.
Build a cash reserve you can rely on in tough times.
Building a cash reserve is very important, and it can be done once you hit the break-even point. Businesses face highs and lows – having enough cash to fund your working capital needs can be critical for its continued survival during a low season business.
Liquidate cash that may be tied up in outdated assets or overstocked inventory.
Businesses sometimes have unused equipment, outdated assets, or too much inventory, all of which can be put to better use as income. Equipment and inventory can lose value as new equipment is produced or as customer preferences change. Regardless of whether you sell below initial value, liquidating assets that will not be utilized can contribute to a healthy cash flow.
Consider implementing these strategies to improve cash flow management in your business.